July 1
Meeting engagement → retreat through town
Confederate forces approached from the west and north. Union troops fought west of town around McPherson Ridge and the railroad cut, buying time until superior Confederate numbers forced them back through Gettysburg. The Union line re-formed on the commanding high ground of Cemetery Hill, with reinforcements arriving through the night.
Stand here: McPherson Ridge, Reynolds Woods, Oak Ridge, Seminary Ridge, Cemetery Hill.
July 2
Lee attacks both Union flanks
The armies occupied roughly parallel ridges: the Union on Cemetery Ridge and the Confederates on Seminary Ridge. Longstreet's attack hit the Union left through the Peach Orchard, Wheatfield, Devil's Den and Round Tops. Fighting also erupted at Culp's Hill and East Cemetery Hill on the Union right. The Union line bent but held.
Stand here: Peach Orchard, Wheatfield, Devil's Den, Little Round Top, Culp's Hill, East Cemetery Hill.
July 3
Culp's Hill → cannonade → Pickett-Pettigrew assault
Fighting resumed at Culp's Hill in the morning. Later, a massive artillery bombardment preceded the Confederate infantry assault across open ground toward Cemetery Ridge. Roughly 12,000 men participated in the larger assault commonly called Pickett's Charge; the attack was repulsed. Lee's army began its retreat on July 4.
Stand here: North Carolina Monument / Seminary Ridge, Pickett-Pettigrew fields, The Angle, High Water Mark.